Bursitis
Definition:
Bursitis is a condition characterized by inflammation or irritation of a bursa, which are small fluid-filled sacs that cushion and lubricate joints throughout the body. These sacs help reduce friction between bones, tendons, and muscles during movement. Bursitis commonly occurs in areas where repetitive motions or pressure are applied, leading to irritation and inflammation of the bursa.
Principal Causes:
Repetitive motions: Activities or occupations that involve repetitive movements or prolonged pressure on a particular joint can lead to bursitis. For example, frequent kneeling or leaning on the elbows can cause bursitis in the knee or elbow respectively.
Injury or trauma: Direct trauma or injury to a joint can cause inflammation of the bursa. This may occur due to a fall, impact, or sudden force applied to the joint.
Overuse: Overuse of a joint, such as excessive exercise or repetitive activities, can strain the bursa and lead to inflammation and bursitis.
Infection: In some cases, bursitis may be caused by an infection of the bursa, known as septic bursitis. This can occur when bacteria enter the bursa through a cut, puncture wound, or other injury.
Symptoms:
Pain: Pain or tenderness in the affected joint, which may worsen with movement or pressure.
Swelling: Swelling or inflammation around the joint, often accompanied by warmth and redness.
Limited range of motion: Difficulty moving the affected joint fully due to pain and stiffness.
Joint stiffness: Stiffness or tightness in the affected joint, particularly after periods of inactivity.
Diagnosis of bursitis typically involves a physical examination, evaluation of symptoms, and may include imaging studies such as X-rays, ultrasound, or MRI to rule out other conditions and assess the severity of inflammation.
In most cases, bursitis improves with conservative measures and self-care strategies. However, it is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen, or if they are accompanied by signs of infection such as fever, chills, or increased redness and warmth around the affected joint. Early intervention and appropriate management can help alleviate pain, improve function, and prevent long-term complications.